Myelodysplastic Syndrome: Risks for Railroad Workers
Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS) is a group of disorders caused by poorly formed or dysfunctional blood cells originating from the bone marrow. It can lead to severe anemia, infections, and bleeding issues. While the exact cause of MDS is often unknown, exposure to certain chemicals, particularly benzene, has been identified as a significant risk factor. Railroad workers are at higher risk for MDS due to potential prolonged exposure to benzene found in diesel exhaust, solvents, and other industrial materials. Benzene can damage bone marrow cells, leading to mutations and the development of MDS. Diagnosis of MDS typically involves blood tests to check for abnormalities in blood cell counts and a bone marrow biopsy to examine the cellular structure and composition of the marrow. Each year, approximately 10,000 to 20,000 people in the United States are diagnosed with MDS, highlighting the importance of regular health screenings and protective measures for those at risk, such as railroad workers exposed to benzene.
