Construction workers face an elevated risk of lung cancer due to various occupational hazards associated with their work environment. Key risks include exposure to airborne contaminants such as silica dust and asbestos fibers, both of which can cause significant damage to lung tissue over time. Silica dust, commonly generated during activities like cutting, grinding, or drilling concrete, brick, and stone, is a major concern. Historically, asbestos was widely used in construction materials for insulation and fireproofing, and while its use has decreased, exposure remains a serious threat, especially during renovation or demolition of older buildings. For example, lung cancer is significantly more common among construction workers than in the general population due to these exposures. Studies have shown that those employed in the construction industry are at a “significantly increased risk” of developing lung cancer.

In addition to silica and asbestos, construction workers may also encounter other carcinogens like diesel exhaust and chemicals such as benzene and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), which are present in fuels and solvents. The high-risk work environments typical of construction, combined with factors like poor ventilation in enclosed spaces, can exacerbate these risks by increasing the concentration of harmful airborne substances. Long-term exposure to these hazards can lead to serious health conditions, including lung cancer. Conducting regular health monitoring and providing comprehensive safety training are crucial steps in protecting the health and well-being of construction workers, significantly reducing their risk of lung cancer and other related conditions.